Shared power, shared energy security: Nordic lessons for Europe’s energy resilience

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The Nordic blueprint

The Nordic countries – Sweden, Norway, Finland and Denmark – have built one of the world’s most reliable and decarbonised power systems, known for their unique combination of resources, coordination and market integration.

A complementary energy mix forms its backbone: dispatchable hydropower balances variable wind, while nuclear and bioenergy add stability and seasonal flexibility. This is further complemented by growing contributions from batteries and demand response.

Moreover, the cross-border links allow electricity to flow to where it is most needed, easing local shortages and damping price volatility.

Additionally, strong regional cooperation, harmonised grid codes, shared market rules, and coordinated system planning enable national operators to function as a single, interconnected network.

Finally, deeply integrated day-ahead, intraday and balancing markets turn variability into an asset by smoothing prices, reducing reserve needs and strengthening reliability as renewable shares rise.

Source: Wikipedia